Bipolar Cell Technology: Calculating the Bypass Current and Current Efficiency of a Bipolar Cell Producing Aluminum

A bipolar cell has multiple elementary cells in series within a cell. The bipolars function as a cathode on one side and an anode on the other. As a matter of design, space must be allowed to allow gas and bath to circulate around and through the bipolar stack. These areas allow some ionic current to bypass the stack of bipolar plates and thereby reduce current efficiency. The purpose of this paper is to develop a formula for bypass current and the current efficiency loss due to bypass current in bipolar cell technology.

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